报告题目：Whole brain single neuron imaging with x-rays

报 告 人：胡宇光研究员，台湾“中央研究院”物理研究所

报告时间：2018年9月25日(周二)　上午 10:30

报告地点：嘉定园区学术活动中心多功能厅

学术报告内容：

Whole brain single neuron imaging with x-rays

胡宇光 (Yeukuang Hwu)

Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica

Comprehensive mapping of large neural networks is a tough and critical challenge. I will introduce an effective methodology, the Accelerated X-ray Observation of Neurons (AXON), with performances suitable for mapping individual neurons and their connections in the full brain of important models. Based on fast three-dimensional (3D) imaging, which combines high-resolution synchrotron x-ray tomography with optimized staining, AXON opens the way to full-brain mapping by achieving two fundamental objectives: suitable levels of multi-scale and isotropic spatial resolution (from 0.3 μm to 20 nm) and very fast data acquisition and processing. We proved the feasibility with tests on Drosophila, mice and recently non-human primates (NHPs) specimens. For Drosophila, we also validated the identifications of individual neurons with open-access data from confocal microscopy. The approach was successfully tested on large populations of metal-labeled individual neurons in model animals, Drosophila, mice and NHPs. Its key features are the high resolution level with isotropic character and the fast data taking and processing, which allows full mapping (3D tomography showing individual neurons and their connections, suitable for quantitative analysis) within minutes for Drosophila -- an impossible task until now.

报告人简介：

PERSONAL:

Born on June 15, 1960, in Taiwan, R.O.C.

Married, with 2 children.

EDUCATION:

　 University of Wisconsin-Madison. PhD (Physics, June 1992).

　 University of Connecticut-Storrs. Master of Science (Physics, 1987)

　 National Taiwan University. Bachelor of Science (Physics, 1982).

EMPLOYMENT:

2003 – : Full Research Fellow, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica

2010 – : Adjunct Professor, National Cheng Kung University

2006 – : Adjunct Professor, Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University

2002– : Adjunct Professor, Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University

2000-2001: Visiting Scientist, Institute of Applied Physics, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

2000-2000: Visiting Professor, Department of Materials Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

1998 - 2003: Associate Research Fellow, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.

1992 - 1997: Assistant Research Fellow, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.

RESEARCH EXPERIENCE:

　 Ultrafast and ultrahigh resolution phase contrast X-ray microscopy

　 Synchrotron photoelectron spectromicroscopy.

　 Ultra high resolution photoemission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation and conventional photon sources.

　 Electron spectroscopies (HREELS, EELS, AUGER), and with LEED, STM and laser spectroscopy.

　 Surface X-ray scattering.

RESEARCH INTERESTS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS:

　 Established an x-ray imaging strategy for the mapping of whole animal brain neural network. (2012-)

   Established a national facility for biomedical imaging. (2006--)

　 Established an ultrahigh resolution x-ray microscopy program achieving 15 nm resolution with multi-keV x-rays

　 Established a novel phase contrast approach using unmonochromatic synchrotron x-rays. (1998-present)

　 First experiment using UV tunable laser to obtain spectromicroscopy imaging using PEEM. (1996-)

　 Successful demonstration of photoelectron emission spectromicroscopy images using hard-x-ray synchrotron radiation. (1998)

　 Surface X-ray scattering: identify the “multi-stage” roughening transition of vicinal Pt surface and the surface roughening of Si(331) surface. (1992-95)

　 Using combined synchrotron based techniques to identify the electronic and structural properties of nanocrystalline materials.

　 Studies of high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) with ultrahigh energy and angular resolution photoemission; determination of the electronic excitation spectrum near the Fermi level, and direct observation of the gap. (1988-92)

　 Photoemission studies of metal surfaces with ultrahigh resolution photoemission: observation of “anomalous”' broadening. (1990-92)

　 Studies of high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) surfaces and interfaces with high energy resolution photoelectron spectromicroscopy; determination of the surface chemical inhomogeneities and their effects to the surface interfacial properties with metal overlayers. (1988-92)

　 Studied Metal-HTSC and Semiconductor-HTSC interfaces and identified many different interfacial chemical reactions. (1988-92)

　 High energy resolution magnetic domain imaging using synchrotron spectromicroscopy based on magnetic circular diachroism as the contrast mechanism. (1988-92)

　 Metal-semiconductor interfaces and Schottky barrier formation. (1988-92)

　 Electronic structure of metal clusters. (1990-)

　 Electronic structure of low dimensional materials. (1988-)

TEACHING EXPERIENCE:

Teaching Assistant and Laboratory Instructor for Freshman Physics for 3 years with excellent student evaluations.

Visiting Professor at Department of Materials Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Adjunct Professor in Institute of Optoelectronics Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University (2002--)

Adjunct Professor in Department of Engineer and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University (2006--)

Faculty of Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica (2004--)

AWARDS AND HONOR:

National Research Council Distinguish Research Award in Interdisciplinary Research 科技部傑出研究獎 (2015)

Taiwan Innovation Award 第十二屆國家新創獎 (2015)

2010 Prix Scientifique Franco-Ta？wanais (Taiwan-France Scientific Award) offered by Foundation Scientifique Franco-Ta？wanais under the La Grande Medaille et les Prix de l‘académie des sciences 2010 台法科技獎

2006 Outstanding Award in Science and Technology from Executive Yuan 行政院科技貢獻獎

Elected Fellow of Chinese Physics Society, 2005

National Research Council Distinguish Research Award in Physics 科技部傑出研究獎( 2004)

Distinguished Young Scientist Award (2003) 年輕學者研究著作獎

Shim-gye Science Award by KOSUA (KOrean Synchrotron radiation User's Association) (2002)

SERVICES:

Associated editor of Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics (2005-2016)

President of Taiwan Microscopy Society (2011-2014)

INVITED TALKS:

>50 in international conferences and workshops, >100 at department colloquiums.

PROJECTS:

Primary Investigator of >10 National Science Council projects since 1995 with total funding exceeds 1 million USD.

Principle Investigator of Academia Sinica Thematic Research Project with budget ~2 million USD for 10 years.

Principle Investigator of National Nanoscience Project with budget ~1 million USD from 2004-2007, ~2 million USD for 2007-2010 and ~3 million USD for 2010-2018.

Directing the National Biomedical NanoImaging Center from 2006, with an initial funding >4 million USD.

PUBLICATIONS:

>290 articles in refereed journals, 6 book chapters (see list below).